## Dovecot configuration file

# If you're in a hurry, see http://wiki.dovecot.org/QuickConfiguration

# "dovecot -n" command gives a clean output of the changed settings. Use it
# instead of copy&pasting this file when posting to the Dovecot mailing list.

# '#' character and everything after it is treated as comments. Extra spaces
# and tabs are ignored. If you want to use either of these explicitly, put the
# value inside quotes, eg.: key = "# char and trailing whitespace  "

# Default values are shown for each setting, it's not required to uncomment
# any of the lines. Exception to this are paths, they're just examples with
# the real defaults being based on configure options. The paths listed here
# are for configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc --localstatedir=/var
# --with-ssldir=/etc/ssl

# Base directory where to store runtime data.
#base_dir = /var/run/dovecot/

# Protocols we want to be serving: imap imaps pop3 pop3s managesieve
# If you only want to use dovecot-auth, you can set this to "none".
#protocols = imap imaps
protocols = pop3 imap

# IP or host address where to listen in for connections. It's not currently
# possible to specify multiple addresses. "*" listens in all IPv4 interfaces.
# "[::]" listens in all IPv6 interfaces, but may also listen in all IPv4
# interfaces depending on the operating system.
#
# If you want to specify ports for each service, you will need to configure
# these settings inside the protocol imap/pop3/managesieve { ... } section, 
# so you can specify different ports for IMAP/POP3/MANAGESIEVE. For example:
#   protocol imap {
#     listen = *:10143
#     ssl_listen = *:10943
#     ..
#   }
#   protocol pop3 {
#     listen = *:10100
#     ..
#   }
#   protocol managesieve {
#     listen = *:12000
#     ..
#   }
#listen = *

# Disable LOGIN command and all other plaintext authentications unless
# SSL/TLS is used (LOGINDISABLED capability). Note that if the remote IP
# matches the local IP (ie. you're connecting from the same computer), the
# connection is considered secure and plaintext authentication is allowed.
disable_plaintext_auth = no

# Should all IMAP and POP3 processes be killed when Dovecot master process
# shuts down. Setting this to "no" means that Dovecot can be upgraded without
# forcing existing client connections to close (although that could also be
# a problem if the upgrade is eg. because of a security fix). This however
# means that after master process has died, the client processes can't write
# to log files anymore.
#shutdown_clients = yes

##
## Logging
##

# Log file to use for error messages, instead of sending them to syslog.
# /dev/stderr can be used to log into stderr.
#log_path = 
log_path = /var/log/dovecot.log

# Log file to use for informational and debug messages.
# Default is the same as log_path.
#info_log_path = 

# Prefix for each line written to log file. % codes are in strftime(3)
# format.
#log_timestamp = "%b %d %H:%M:%S "
log_timestamp = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S "

# Syslog facility to use if you're logging to syslog. Usually if you don't
# want to use "mail", you'll use local0..local7. Also other standard
# facilities are supported.
#syslog_facility = mail

##
## SSL settings
##

# IP or host address where to listen in for SSL connections. Defaults
# to above if not specified.
#ssl_listen =

# Disable SSL/TLS support.
#ssl_disable = no

# PEM encoded X.509 SSL/TLS certificate and private key. They're opened before
# dropping root privileges, so keep the key file unreadable by anyone but
# root.
#ssl_cert_file = /etc/ssl/certs/dovecot.pem
#ssl_key_file = /etc/ssl/private/dovecot.pem

# If key file is password protected, give the password here. Alternatively
# give it when starting dovecot with -p parameter.
#ssl_key_password =

# File containing trusted SSL certificate authorities. Set this only if you
# intend to use ssl_verify_client_cert=yes. The CAfile should contain the
# CA-certificate(s) followed by the matching CRL(s).
#ssl_ca_file = 

# Request client to send a certificate. If you also want to require it, set
# ssl_require_client_cert=yes in auth section.
#ssl_verify_client_cert = no

# How often to regenerate the SSL parameters file. Generation is quite CPU
# intensive operation. The value is in hours, 0 disables regeneration
# entirely.
#ssl_parameters_regenerate = 168

# SSL ciphers to use
#ssl_cipher_list = ALL:!LOW

# Show protocol level SSL errors.
#verbose_ssl = no

##
## Login processes
##

# <doc/wiki/LoginProcess.txt>

# Directory where authentication process places authentication UNIX sockets
# which login needs to be able to connect to. The sockets are created when
# running as root, so you don't have to worry about permissions. Note that
# everything in this directory is deleted when Dovecot is started.
#login_dir = /var/run/dovecot/login

# chroot login process to the login_dir. Only reason not to do this is if you
# wish to run the whole Dovecot without roots. <doc/wiki/Rootless.txt>
#login_chroot = yes

# User to use for the login process. Create a completely new user for this,
# and don't use it anywhere else. The user must also belong to a group where
# only it has access, it's used to control access for authentication process.
# Note that this user is NOT used to access mails. <doc/wiki/UserIds.txt>
#login_user = dovecot

# Set max. process size in megabytes. If you don't use
# login_process_per_connection you might need to grow this.
#login_process_size = 64

# Should each login be processed in it's own process (yes), or should one
# login process be allowed to process multiple connections (no)? Yes is more
# secure, espcially with SSL/TLS enabled. No is faster since there's no need
# to create processes all the time.
#login_process_per_connection = yes

# Number of login processes to keep for listening new connections.
#login_processes_count = 3

# Maximum number of login processes to create. The listening process count
# usually stays at login_processes_count, but when multiple users start logging
# in at the same time more extra processes are created. To prevent fork-bombing
# we check only once in a second if new processes should be created - if all
# of them are used at the time, we double their amount until the limit set by
# this setting is reached.
#login_max_processes_count = 128

# Maximum number of connections allowed per each login process. This setting
# is used only if login_process_per_connection=no. Once the limit is reached,
# the process notifies master so that it can create a new login process.
# You should make sure that the process has at least
# 16 + login_max_connections * 2 available file descriptors.
#login_max_connections = 256

# Greeting message for clients.
#login_greeting = Dovecot ready.

# Space-separated list of elements we want to log. The elements which have
# a non-empty variable value are joined together to form a comma-separated
# string.
#login_log_format_elements = user=<%u> method=%m rip=%r lip=%l %c

# Login log format. %$ contains login_log_format_elements string, %s contains
# the data we want to log.
#login_log_format = %$: %s

##
## Mailbox locations and namespaces
##

# Location for users' mailboxes. This is the same as the old default_mail_env
# setting. The default is empty, which means that Dovecot tries to find the
# mailboxes automatically. This won't work if the user doesn't have any mail
# yet, so you should explicitly tell Dovecot the full location.
#
# If you're using mbox, giving a path to the INBOX file (eg. /var/mail/%u)
# isn't enough. You'll also need to tell Dovecot where the other mailboxes are
# kept. This is called the "root mail directory", and it must be the first
# path given in the mail_location setting.
#
# There are a few special variables you can use, eg.:
#
#   %u - username
#   %n - user part in user@domain, same as %u if there's no domain
#   %d - domain part in user@domain, empty if there's no domain
#   %h - home directory
#
# See /usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/Variables.txt for full list. Some
# examples:
#
#   mail_location = maildir:~/Maildir
#   mail_location = mbox:~/mail:INBOX=/var/mail/%u
#   mail_location = mbox:/var/mail/%d/%1n/%n:INDEX=/var/indexes/%d/%1n/%n
#
# <doc/wiki/MailLocation.txt>
#
#mail_location = 

# If you need to set multiple mailbox locations or want to change default
# namespace settings, you can do it by defining namespace sections.
# NOTE: Namespaces currently work ONLY with IMAP! POP3 and LDA currently ignore
# namespaces completely, they use only the mail_location setting.
#
# You can have private, shared and public namespaces. The only difference
# between them is how Dovecot announces them to client via NAMESPACE
# extension. Shared namespaces are meant for user-owned mailboxes which are
# shared to other users, while public namespaces are for more globally
# accessible mailboxes.
#
# REMEMBER: If you add any namespaces, the default namespace must be added
# explicitly, ie. mail_location does nothing unless you have a namespace
# without a location setting. Default namespace is simply done by having a
# namespace with empty prefix.
#namespace private {
   # Hierarchy separator to use. You should use the same separator for all
   # namespaces or some clients get confused. '/' is usually a good one.
   # The default however depends on the underlying mail storage format.
   #separator = 

   # Prefix required to access this namespace. This needs to be different for
   # all namespaces. For example "Public/".
   #prefix = 

   # Physical location of the mailbox. This is in same format as
   # mail_location, which is also the default for it.
   #location =

   # There can be only one INBOX, and this setting defines which namespace
   # has it.
   #inbox = yes

   # If namespace is hidden, it's not advertised to clients via NAMESPACE
   # extension or shown in LIST replies. This is mostly useful when converting
   # from another server with different namespaces which you want to depricate
   # but still keep working. For example you can create hidden namespaces with
   # prefixes "~/mail/", "~%u/mail/" and "mail/".
   #hidden = yes
#}

# Group to enable temporarily for privileged operations. Currently this is
# used only with INBOX when either its initial creation or dotlocking fails.
# Typically this is set to "mail" to give access to /var/mail.
mail_privileged_group = mail

# Grant access to these supplementary groups for mail processes. Typically
# these are used to set up access to shared mailboxes. Note that it may be
# dangerous to set these if users can create symlinks (e.g. if "mail" group is
# set here, ln -s /var/mail ~/mail/var could allow a user to delete others'
# mailboxes, or ln -s /secret/shared/box ~/mail/mybox would allow reading it).
#mail_access_groups =

# Allow full filesystem access to clients. There's no access checks other than
# what the operating system does for the active UID/GID. It works with both
# maildir and mboxes, allowing you to prefix mailboxes names with eg. /path/
# or ~user/.
#mail_full_filesystem_access = no

##
## Mail processes
##

# Enable mail process debugging. This can help you figure out why Dovecot
# isn't finding your mails.
#mail_debug = no

# Log prefix for mail processes.
# See /usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/Variables.txt for list of possible
# variables you can use.
#mail_log_prefix = "%Us(%u): "

# Max. number of lines a mail process is allowed to log per second before it's
# throttled. 0 means unlimited. Typically there's no need to change this
# unless you're using mail_log plugin, which may log a lot.
#mail_log_max_lines_per_sec = 10

# Don't use mmap() at all. This is required if you store indexes to shared
# filesystems (NFS or clustered filesystem).
#mmap_disable = no

# Don't write() to mmaped files. This is required for some operating systems
# which use separate caches for them, such as OpenBSD.
#mmap_no_write = no

# Rely on O_EXCL to work when creating dotlock files. The default is to use
# hard linking. O_EXCL makes the dotlocking faster, but it doesn't always
# work with NFS.
#dotlock_use_excl = no

# Don't use fsync() or fdatasync() calls. This makes the performance better
# at the cost of potential data loss if the server (or the file server)
# goes down.
#fsync_disable = no

# Locking method for index files. Alternatives are fcntl, flock and dotlock.
# Dotlocking uses some tricks which may create more disk I/O than other locking
# methods. NFS users: flock doesn't work, remember to change mmap_disable.
#lock_method = fcntl

# Drop all privileges before exec()ing the mail process. This is mostly
# meant for debugging, otherwise you don't get core dumps. It could be a small
# security risk if you use single UID for multiple users, as the users could
# ptrace() each others processes then.
#mail_drop_priv_before_exec = no

# Show more verbose process titles (in ps). Currently shows user name and
# IP address. Useful for seeing who are actually using the IMAP processes
# (eg. shared mailboxes or if same uid is used for multiple accounts).
#verbose_proctitle = no

# Valid UID range for users, defaults to 500 and above. This is mostly
# to make sure that users can't log in as daemons or other system users.
# Note that denying root logins is hardcoded to dovecot binary and can't
# be done even if first_valid_uid is set to 0.
#first_valid_uid = 500
#last_valid_uid = 0

# Valid GID range for users, defaults to non-root/wheel. Users having
# non-valid GID as primary group ID aren't allowed to log in. If user
# belongs to supplementary groups with non-valid GIDs, those groups are
# not set.
#first_valid_gid = 1
#last_valid_gid = 0

# Maximum number of running mail processes. When this limit is reached,
# new users aren't allowed to log in.
#max_mail_processes = 1024

# Set max. process size in megabytes. Most of the memory goes to mmap()ing
# files, so it shouldn't harm much even if this limit is set pretty high.
#mail_process_size = 256

# Maximum allowed length for mail keyword name. It's only forced when trying
# to create new keywords.
#mail_max_keyword_length = 50

# ':' separated list of directories under which chrooting is allowed for mail
# processes (ie. /var/mail will allow chrooting to /var/mail/foo/bar too).
# This setting doesn't affect login_chroot or auth chroot variables.
# WARNING: Never add directories here which local users can modify, that
# may lead to root exploit. Usually this should be done only if you don't
# allow shell access for users. <doc/wiki/Chrooting.txt>
#valid_chroot_dirs = 

# Default chroot directory for mail processes. This can be overridden for
# specific users in user database by giving /./ in user's home directory
# (eg. /home/./user chroots into /home). Note that usually there is no real
# need to do chrooting, Dovecot doesn't allow users to access files outside
# their mail directory anyway. <doc/wiki/Chrooting.txt>
#mail_chroot = 

##
## Mailbox handling optimizations
##

# Space-separated list of fields to initially save into cache file. Currently
# these fields are allowed:
#
#  flags, date.sent, date.received, size.virtual, size.physical
#  mime.parts, imap.body, imap.bodystructure
#
# Different IMAP clients work in different ways, so they benefit from
# different cached fields. Some do not benefit from them at all. Caching more
# than necessary generates useless disk I/O, so you don't want to do that
# either.
#
# Dovecot attempts to automatically figure out what client wants and it keeps
# only that. However the first few times a mailbox is opened, Dovecot hasn't
# yet figured out what client needs, so it may not perform optimally. If you
# know what fields the majority of your clients need, it may be useful to set
# these fields by hand. If client doesn't actually use them, Dovecot will
# eventually drop them.
#
# Usually you should just leave this field alone. The potential benefits are
# typically unnoticeable.
#mail_cache_fields = 

# Space-separated list of fields that Dovecot should never save to cache file.
# Useful if you want to save disk space at the cost of more I/O when the fields
# needed.
#mail_never_cache_fields = 

# The minimum number of mails in a mailbox before updates are done to cache
# file. This allows optimizing Dovecot's behavior to do less disk writes at
# the cost of more disk reads.
#mail_cache_min_mail_count = 0

# When IDLE command is running, mailbox is checked once in a while to see if
# there are any new mails or other changes. This setting defines the minimum
# time in seconds to wait between those checks. Dovecot can also use dnotify,
# inotify and kqueue to find out immediately when changes occur.
#mailbox_idle_check_interval = 30

# Save mails with CR+LF instead of plain LF. This makes sending those mails
# take less CPU, especially with sendfile() syscall with Linux and FreeBSD.
# But it also creates a bit more disk I/O which may just make it slower.
# Also note that if other software reads the mboxes/maildirs, they may handle
# the extra CRs wrong and cause problems.
#mail_save_crlf = no

##
## Maildir-specific settings
##

# By default LIST command returns all entries in maildir beginning with a dot.
# Enabling this option makes Dovecot return only entries which are directories.
# This is done by stat()ing each entry, so it causes more disk I/O.
# (For systems setting struct dirent->d_type, this check is free and it's
# done always regardless of this setting)
#maildir_stat_dirs = no

# When copying a message, do it with hard links whenever possible. This makes
# the performance much better, and it's unlikely to have any side effects.
#maildir_copy_with_hardlinks = no

# When copying a message, try to preserve the base filename. Only if the
# destination mailbox already contains the same name (ie. the mail is being
# copied there twice), a new name is given. The destination filename check is
# done only by looking at dovecot-uidlist file, so if something outside
# Dovecot does similar filename preserving copies, you may run into problems.
# NOTE: This setting requires maildir_copy_with_hardlinks = yes to work.
#maildir_copy_preserve_filename = no

##
## mbox-specific settings
##

# Which locking methods to use for locking mbox. There are four available:
#  dotlock: Create <mailbox>.lock file. This is the oldest and most NFS-safe
#           solution. If you want to use /var/mail/ like directory, the users
#           will need write access to that directory.
#  fcntl  : Use this if possible. Works with NFS too if lockd is used.
#  flock  : May not exist in all systems. Doesn't work with NFS.
#  lockf  : May not exist in all systems. Doesn't work with NFS.
#
# You can use multiple locking methods; if you do the order they're declared
# in is important to avoid deadlocks if other MTAs/MUAs are using multiple
# locking methods as well. Some operating systems don't allow using some of
# them simultaneously.
#mbox_read_locks = fcntl
#mbox_write_locks = dotlock fcntl

# Maximum time in seconds to wait for lock (all of them) before aborting.
#mbox_lock_timeout = 300

# If dotlock exists but the mailbox isn't modified in any way, override the
# lock file after this many seconds.
#mbox_dotlock_change_timeout = 120

# When mbox changes unexpectedly we have to fully read it to find out what
# changed. If the mbox is large this can take a long time. Since the change
# is usually just a newly appended mail, it'd be faster to simply read the
# new mails. If this setting is enabled, Dovecot does this but still safely
# fallbacks to re-reading the whole mbox file whenever something in mbox isn't
# how it's expected to be. The only real downside to this setting is that if
# some other MUA changes message flags, Dovecot doesn't notice it immediately.
# Note that a full sync is done with SELECT, EXAMINE, EXPUNGE and CHECK 
# commands.
#mbox_dirty_syncs = yes

# Like mbox_dirty_syncs, but don't do full syncs even with SELECT, EXAMINE,
# EXPUNGE or CHECK commands. If this is set, mbox_dirty_syncs is ignored.
#mbox_very_dirty_syncs = no

# Delay writing mbox headers until doing a full write sync (EXPUNGE and CHECK
# commands and when closing the mailbox). This is especially useful for POP3
# where clients often delete all mails. The downside is that our changes
# aren't immediately visible to other MUAs.
#mbox_lazy_writes = yes

# If mbox size is smaller than this (in kilobytes), don't write index files.
# If an index file already exists it's still read, just not updated.
#mbox_min_index_size = 0

##
## dbox-specific settings
##

# Maximum dbox file size in kilobytes until it's rotated.
#dbox_rotate_size = 2048

# Minimum dbox file size in kilobytes before it's rotated
# (overrides dbox_rotate_days)
#dbox_rotate_min_size = 16

# Maximum dbox file age in days until it's rotated. Day always begins from
# midnight, so 1 = today, 2 = yesterday, etc. 0 = check disabled.
#dbox_rotate_days = 0

##
## IMAP specific settings
##

protocol imap {
  # Login executable location.
  #login_executable = /usr/lib/dovecot/imap-login

  # IMAP executable location. Changing this allows you to execute other
  # binaries before the imap process is executed.
  #
  # This would write rawlogs into ~/dovecot.rawlog/ directory:
  #   mail_executable = /usr/lib/dovecot/rawlog /usr/lib/dovecot/imap
  #
  # This would attach gdb into the imap process and write backtraces into
  # /tmp/gdbhelper.* files:
  #   mail_executable = /usr/libexec/dovecot/gdbhelper /usr/libexec/dovecot/imap
  #
  #mail_executable = /usr/lib/dovecot/imap

  # Maximum IMAP command line length in bytes. Some clients generate very long
  # command lines with huge mailboxes, so you may need to raise this if you get
  # "Too long argument" or "IMAP command line too large" errors often.
  #imap_max_line_length = 65536

  # Support for dynamically loadable plugins. mail_plugins is a space separated
  # list of plugins to load.
  #mail_plugins = 
  #mail_plugin_dir = /usr/lib/dovecot/modules/imap

  # Send IMAP capabilities in greeting message. This makes it unnecessary for
  # clients to request it with CAPABILITY command, so it saves one round-trip.
  # Many clients however don't understand it and ask the CAPABILITY anyway.
  #login_greeting_capability = no

  # Override the IMAP CAPABILITY response.
  #imap_capability = 

  # Workarounds for various client bugs:
  #   delay-newmail:
  #     Send EXISTS/RECENT new mail notifications only when replying to NOOP
  #     and CHECK commands. Some clients ignore them otherwise, for example OSX
  #     Mail (<v2.1). Outlook Express breaks more badly though, without this it
  #     may show user "Message no longer in server" errors. Note that OE6 still
  #     breaks even with this workaround if synchronization is set to
  #     "Headers Only".
  #   outlook-idle:
  #     Outlook and Outlook Express never abort IDLE command, so if no mail
  #     arrives in half a hour, Dovecot closes the connection. This is still
  #     fine, except Outlook doesn't connect back so you don't see if new mail
  #     arrives.
  #   netscape-eoh:
  #     Netscape 4.x breaks if message headers don't end with the empty "end of
  #     headers" line. Normally all messages have this, but setting this
  #     workaround makes sure that Netscape never breaks by adding the line if
  #     it doesn't exist. This is done only for FETCH BODY[HEADER.FIELDS..]
  #     commands. Note that RFC says this shouldn't be done.
  #   tb-extra-mailbox-sep:
  #     With mbox storage a mailbox can contain either mails or submailboxes,
  #     but not both. Thunderbird separates these two by forcing server to
  #     accept '/' suffix in mailbox names in subscriptions list.
  # The list is space-separated.
  #imap_client_workarounds = outlook-idle
}
  
##
## POP3 specific settings
##

protocol pop3 {
  # Login executable location.
  #login_executable = /usr/lib/dovecot/pop3-login

  # POP3 executable location. See IMAP's mail_executable above for examples
  # how this could be changed.
  #mail_executable = /usr/lib/dovecot/pop3

  # Don't try to set mails non-recent or seen with POP3 sessions. This is
  # mostly intended to reduce disk I/O. With maildir it doesn't move files
  # from new/ to cur/, with mbox it doesn't write Status-header.
  #pop3_no_flag_updates = no

  # Support LAST command which exists in old POP3 specs, but has been removed
  # from new ones. Some clients still wish to use this though. Enabling this
  # makes RSET command clear all \Seen flags from messages.
  #pop3_enable_last = no

  # If mail has X-UIDL header, use it as the mail's UIDL.
  #pop3_reuse_xuidl = no

  # Keep the mailbox locked for the entire POP3 session.
  #pop3_lock_session = no

  # POP3 UIDL (unique mail identifier) format to use. You can use following
  # variables:
  #
  #  %v - Mailbox's IMAP UIDVALIDITY
  #  %u - Mail's IMAP UID
  #  %m - MD5 sum of the mailbox headers in hex (mbox only)
  #  %f - filename (maildir only)
  #
  # If you want UIDL compatibility with other POP3 servers, use:
  #  UW's ipop3d         : %08Xv%08Xu
  #  Courier version 0   : %f
  #  Courier version 1   : %u
  #  Courier version 2   : %v-%u
  #  Cyrus (<= 2.1.3)    : %u
  #  Cyrus (>= 2.1.4)    : %v.%u
  #  Older Dovecots      : %v.%u
  #  tpop3d              : %Mf
  #
  # Note that Outlook 2003 seems to have problems with %v.%u format which was
  # Dovecot's default, so if you're building a new server it would be a good
  # idea to change this. %08Xu%08Xv should be pretty fail-safe.
  #
  # NOTE: Nowadays this is required to be set explicitly, since the old
  # default was bad but it couldn't be changed without breaking existing
  # installations. %08Xu%08Xv will be the new default, so use it for new
  # installations.
  #
  pop3_uidl_format = %08Xu%08Xv

  # POP3 logout format string:
  #  %t - number of TOP commands
  #  %p - number of bytes sent to client as a result of TOP command
  #  %r - number of RETR commands
  #  %b - number of bytes sent to client as a result of RETR command
  #  %d - number of deleted messages
  #  %m - number of messages (before deletion)
  #  %s - mailbox size in bytes (before deletion)
  #pop3_logout_format = top=%t/%p, retr=%r/%b, del=%d/%m, size=%s

  # Support for dynamically loadable plugins. mail_plugins is a space separated
  # list of plugins to load.
  #mail_plugins = 
  #mail_plugin_dir = /usr/lib/dovecot/modules/pop3

  # Workarounds for various client bugs:
  #   outlook-no-nuls:
  #     Outlook and Outlook Express hang if mails contain NUL characters.
  #     This setting replaces them with 0x80 character.
  #   oe-ns-eoh:
  #     Outlook Express and Netscape Mail breaks if end of headers-line is
  #     missing. This option simply sends it if it's missing.
  # The list is space-separated.
  #pop3_client_workarounds = 
}

##
## MANAGESIEVE specific settings
##

protocol managesieve {
  # Login executable location.
  #login_executable = /usr/libexec/dovecot/managesieve-login

  # MANAGESIEVE executable location. See IMAP's mail_executable above for 
  # examples how this could be changed.
  #mail_executable = /usr/libexec/dovecot/managesieve

  # Maximum MANAGESIEVE command line length in bytes. This setting is 
  # directly borrowed from IMAP. But, since long command lines are very
  # unlikely with MANAGESIEVE, changing this will not be very useful.  
  #managesieve_max_line_length = 65536

  # Specifies the location of the symlink pointing to the active script in
  # the sieve storage directory. This must match the SIEVE setting used by
  # deliver (refer to http://wiki.dovecot.org/LDA/Sieve#location for more
  # info). Variable substitution with % is recognized.
  sieve=~/.dovecot.sieve

  # This specifies the path to the directory where the uploaded scripts must
  # be stored. In terms of '%' variable substitution it is identical to
  # dovecot's mail_location setting used by the mail protocol daemons.
  sieve_storage=~/sieve

  # If, for some inobvious reason, the sieve_storage remains unset, the 
  # managesieve daemon uses the specification of the mail_location to find out 
  # where to store the sieve files (see explaination in README.managesieve). 
  # The example below, when uncommented, overrides any global mail_location 
  # specification and stores all the scripts in '~/mail/sieve' if sieve_storage 
  # is unset. However, you should always use the sieve_storage setting.
  # mail_location = mbox:~/mail

  # To fool managesieve clients that are focused on timesieved you can
  # specify the IMPLEMENTATION capability that the dovecot reports to clients 
  # (default: dovecot).
  #managesieve_implementation_string = Cyrus timsieved v2.2.13
}

##
## LDA specific settings
##

# protocol lda {
  # Address to use when sending rejection mails.
  # postmaster_address = postmaster@example.com

  # Hostname to use in various parts of sent mails, eg. in Message-Id.
  # Default is the system's real hostname.
  #hostname = 

  # Support for dynamically loadable plugins. mail_plugins is a space separated
  # list of plugins to load.
  #mail_plugins = 
  #mail_plugin_dir = /usr/lib/dovecot/modules/lda

  # Binary to use for sending mails.
  #sendmail_path = /usr/lib/sendmail

  # UNIX socket path to master authentication server to find users.
  #auth_socket_path = /var/run/dovecot/auth-master

  # Enabling Sieve plugin for server-side mail filtering
  # mail_plugins = cmusieve
# }

##
## Authentication processes
##

# Executable location
#auth_executable = /usr/lib/dovecot/dovecot-auth

# Set max. process size in megabytes.
#auth_process_size = 256

# Authentication cache size in kilobytes. 0 means it's disabled.
# Note that bsdauth, PAM and vpopmail require cache_key to be set for caching
# to be used.
#auth_cache_size = 0
# Time to live in seconds for cached data. After this many seconds the cached
# record is no longer used, *except* if the main database lookup returns
# internal failure. We also try to handle password changes automatically: If
# user's previous authentication was successful, but this one wasn't, the
# cache isn't used. For now this works only with plaintext authentication.
#auth_cache_ttl = 3600

# Space separated list of realms for SASL authentication mechanisms that need
# them. You can leave it empty if you don't want to support multiple realms.
# Many clients simply use the first one listed here, so keep the default realm
# first.
#auth_realms =

# Default realm/domain to use if none was specified. This is used for both
# SASL realms and appending @domain to username in plaintext logins.
#auth_default_realm = 

# List of allowed characters in username. If the user-given username contains
# a character not listed in here, the login automatically fails. This is just
# an extra check to make sure user can't exploit any potential quote escaping
# vulnerabilities with SQL/LDAP databases. If you want to allow all characters,
# set this value to empty.
#auth_username_chars = abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ01234567890.-_@

# Username character translations before it's looked up from databases. The
# value contains series of from -> to characters. For example "#@/@" means
# that '#' and '/' characters are translated to '@'.
#auth_username_translation =

# Username formatting before it's looked up from databases. You can use
# the standard variables here, eg. %Lu would lowercase the username, %n would
# drop away the domain if it was given, or "%n-AT-%d" would change the '@' into
# "-AT-". This translation is done after auth_username_translation changes.
#auth_username_format =

# If you want to allow master users to log in by specifying the master
# username within the normal username string (ie. not using SASL mechanism's
# support for it), you can specify the separator character here. The format
# is then <username><separator><master username>. UW-IMAP uses "*" as the
# separator, so that could be a good choice.
#auth_master_user_separator =

# Username to use for users logging in with ANONYMOUS SASL mechanism
#auth_anonymous_username = anonymous

# More verbose logging. Useful for figuring out why authentication isn't
# working.
#auth_verbose = no

# Even more verbose logging for debugging purposes. Shows for example SQL
# queries.
#auth_debug = no

# In case of password mismatches, log the passwords and used scheme so the
# problem can be debugged. Requires auth_debug=yes to be set.
#auth_debug_passwords = no

# Maximum number of dovecot-auth worker processes. They're used to execute
# blocking passdb and userdb queries (eg. MySQL and PAM). They're
# automatically created and destroyed as needed.
#auth_worker_max_count = 30

# Host name to use in GSSAPI principal names. The default is to use the
# name returned by gethostname().
#auth_gssapi_hostname =

# Kerberos keytab to use for the GSSAPI mechanism. Will use the system 
# default (usually /etc/krb5.keytab) if not specified.
#auth_krb5_keytab = 

auth default2 {
mechanisms = plain login
passdb pam {
}
userdb passwd {
}
socket listen {
client {
path = /var/spool/postfix/private/auth
mode = 0660
user = postfix
group = postfix
}

}

}


auth default {
  # Space separated list of wanted authentication mechanisms:
  #   plain login digest-md5 cram-md5 ntlm rpa apop anonymous gssapi
  # NOTE: See also disable_plaintext_auth setting.
  mechanisms = plain

  #
  # Password database is used to verify user's password (and nothing more).
  # You can have multiple passdbs and userdbs. This is useful if you want to
  # allow both system users (/etc/passwd) and virtual users to login without
  # duplicating the system users into virtual database.
  #
  # <doc/wiki/PasswordDatabase.txt>
  #
  # By adding master=yes setting inside a passdb you make the passdb a list
  # of "master users", who can log in as anyone else. Unless you're using PAM,
  # you probably still want the destination user to be looked up from passdb
  # that it really exists. This can be done by adding pass=yes setting to the
  # master passdb. <doc/wiki/Authentication.MasterUsers.txt>

  # Users can be temporarily disabled by adding a passdb with deny=yes.
  # If the user is found from that database, authentication will fail.
  # The deny passdb should always be specified before others, so it gets
  # checked first. Here's an example:

  #passdb passwd-file {
    # File contains a list of usernames, one per line
    #args = /etc/dovecot.deny
    #deny = yes
  #}

  # PAM authentication. Preferred nowadays by most systems. 
  # Note that PAM can only be used to verify if user's password is correct,
  # so it can't be used as userdb. If you don't want to use a separate user
  # database (passwd usually), you can use static userdb.
  # REMEMBER: You'll need /etc/pam.d/dovecot file created for PAM
  # authentication to actually work. <doc/wiki/PasswordDatabase.PAM.txt>
  passdb pam {
    # [blocking=yes] [session=yes] [setcred=yes]
    # [cache_key=<key>] [<service name>]
    #
    # By default a new process is forked from dovecot-auth for each PAM lookup.
    # Setting blocking=yes uses the alternative way: dovecot-auth worker
    # processes do the PAM lookups.
    #
    # session=yes makes Dovecot open and immediately close PAM session. Some
    # PAM plugins need this to work, such as pam_mkhomedir.
    #
    # setcred=yes makes Dovecot establish PAM credentials if some PAM plugins
    # need that. They aren't ever deleted though, so this isn't enabled by
    # default.
    #
    # cache_key can be used to enable authentication caching for PAM
    # (auth_cache_size also needs to be set). It isn't enabled by default
    # because PAM modules can do all kinds of checks besides checking password,
    # such as checking IP address. Dovecot can't know about these checks
    # without some help. cache_key is simply a list of variables (see
    # /usr/share/doc/dovecot-common/wiki/Variables.txt) which must match for
    # the cached data to be used. Here are some examples:
    #   %u - Username must match. Probably sufficient for most uses.
    #   %u%r - Username and remote IP address must match.
    #   %u%s - Username and service (ie. IMAP, POP3) must match.
    # 
    # If service name is "*", it means the authenticating service name
    # is used, eg. pop3 or imap (/etc/pam.d/pop3, /etc/pam.d/imap).
    #
    # Some examples:
    #   args = session=yes *
    #   args = cache_key=%u dovecot
    #args = dovecot
  }

  # System users (NSS, /etc/passwd, or similiar)
  # In many systems nowadays this uses Name Service Switch, which is
  # configured in /etc/nsswitch.conf. <doc/wiki/AuthDatabase.Passwd.txt>
  #passdb passwd {
    # [blocking=yes] - See userdb passwd for explanation
    #args = 
  #}

  # Shadow passwords for system users (NSS, /etc/shadow or similiar).
  # Deprecated by PAM nowadays.
  # <doc/wiki/PasswordDatabase.Shadow.txt>
  #passdb shadow {
    # [blocking=yes] - See userdb passwd for explanation
    #args = 
  #}

  # PAM-like authentication for OpenBSD.
  # <doc/wiki/PasswordDatabase.BSDAuth.txt>
  #passdb bsdauth {
    # [cache_key=<key>] - See cache_key in PAM for explanation.
    #args =
  #}

  # passwd-like file with specified location
  # <doc/wiki/AuthDatabase.PasswdFile.txt>
  #passdb passwd-file {
    # Path for passwd-file
    #args = 
  #}

  # checkpassword executable authentication
  # NOTE: You will probably want to use "userdb prefetch" with this.
  # <doc/wiki/PasswordDatabase.CheckPassword.txt>
  #passdb checkpassword {
    # Path for checkpassword binary
    #args = 
  #}

  # SQL database <doc/wiki/AuthDatabase.SQL.txt>
  #passdb sql {
    # Path for SQL configuration file
    #args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf
  #}

  # LDAP database <doc/wiki/AuthDatabase.LDAP.txt>
  #passdb ldap {
    # Path for LDAP configuration file
    #args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-ldap.conf
  #}

  # vpopmail authentication <doc/wiki/AuthDatabase.VPopMail.txt>
  #passdb vpopmail {
    # [cache_key=<key>] - See cache_key in PAM for explanation.
    #args =
  #}

  #
  # User database specifies where mails are located and what user/group IDs
  # own them. For single-UID configuration use "static".
  #
  # <doc/wiki/UserDatabase.txt>
  #

  # System users (NSS, /etc/passwd, or similiar). In many systems nowadays this
  # uses Name Service Switch, which is configured in /etc/nsswitch.conf.
  # <doc/wiki/AuthDatabase.Passwd.txt>
  userdb passwd {
    # [blocking=yes] - By default the lookups are done in the main dovecot-auth
    # process. This setting causes the lookups to be done in auth worker
    # proceses. Useful with remote NSS lookups that may block.
    # NOTE: Be sure to use this setting with nss_ldap or users might get
    # logged in as each others!
    #args = 
  }

  # passwd-like file with specified location
  # <doc/wiki/AuthDatabase.PasswdFile.txt>
  #userdb passwd-file {
    # Path for passwd-file
    #args =
  #}

  # static settings generated from template <doc/wiki/UserDatabase.Static.txt>
  #userdb static {
    # Template for the fields. Can return anything a userdb could normally
    # return. For example:
    #
    #  args = uid=500 gid=500 home=/var/mail/%u
    #
    # If you use deliver, it needs to look up users only from the userdb. This
    # of course doesn't work with static because there is no list of users.
    # Normally static userdb handles this by doing a passdb lookup. This works
    # with most passdbs, with PAM being the most notable exception. If you do
    # the user verification another way, you can add allow_all_users=yes to
    # the args in which case the passdb lookup is skipped.
    #
    #args =
  #}

  # SQL database <doc/wiki/AuthDatabase.SQL.txt>
  #userdb sql {
    # Path for SQL configuration file
    #args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf
  #}

  # LDAP database <doc/wiki/AuthDatabase.LDAP.txt>
  #userdb ldap {
    # Path for LDAP configuration file
    #args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-ldap.conf
  #}

  # vpopmail <doc/wiki/AuthDatabase.VPopMail.txt>
  #userdb vpopmail {
  #}

  # "prefetch" user database means that the passdb already provided the
  # needed information and there's no need to do a separate userdb lookup.
  # This can be made to work with SQL and LDAP databases, see their example
  # configuration files for more information how to do it.
  # <doc/wiki/UserDatabase.Prefetch.txt>
  #userdb prefetch {
  #}

  # User to use for the process. This user needs access to only user and
  # password databases, nothing else. Only shadow and pam authentication
  # requires roots, so use something else if possible. Note that passwd
  # authentication with BSDs internally accesses shadow files, which also
  # requires roots. Note that this user is NOT used to access mails.
  # That user is specified by userdb above.
  user = root

  # Directory where to chroot the process. Most authentication backends don't
  # work if this is set, and there's no point chrooting if auth_user is root.
  # Note that valid_chroot_dirs isn't needed to use this setting.
  #chroot = 

  # Number of authentication processes to create
  #count = 1

  # Require a valid SSL client certificate or the authentication fails.
  #ssl_require_client_cert = no

  # Take the username from client's SSL certificate, using 
  # X509_NAME_get_text_by_NID() which returns the subject's DN's
  # CommonName. 
  #ssl_username_from_cert = no

  # It's possible to export the authentication interface to other programs:
  #socket listen {
    #master {
      # Master socket provides access to userdb information. It's typically
      # used to give Dovecot's local delivery agent access to userdb so it
      # can find mailbox locations.
      #path = /var/run/dovecot/auth-master
      #mode = 0600
      # Default user/group is the one who started dovecot-auth (root)
      #user = 
      #group = 
    #}
    #client {
      # The client socket is generally safe to export to everyone. Typical use
      # is to export it to your SMTP server so it can do SMTP AUTH lookups
      # using it.
      #path = /var/run/dovecot/auth-client
      #mode = 0660
    #}
  #}

  ## dovecot-lda specific settings
  ##
  # socket listen {
  #   master {
  #     path = /var/run/dovecot/auth-master
  #     mode = 0600
  #     user = mail # User running Dovecot LDA
  #     #group = mail # Or alternatively mode 0660 + LDA user in this group
  #   }
  # }

}

# If you wish to use another authentication server than dovecot-auth, you can
# use connect sockets. They are assumed to be already running, Dovecot's master
# process only tries to connect to them. They don't need any other settings
# than the path for the master socket, as the configuration is done elsewhere.
# Note that the client sockets must exist in the login_dir.
#auth external {
#  socket connect {
#    master {
#      path = /var/run/dovecot/auth-master
#    }
#  }
#}

##
## Dictionary server settings
##

# Dictionary can be used by some plugins to store key=value lists.
# Currently this is only used by dict quota backend. The dictionary can be
# used either directly or though a dictionary server. The following dict block
# maps dictionary names to URIs when the server is used. These can then be
# referenced using URIs in format "proxy:<name>".

dict {
  #quota = mysql:/etc/dovecot-dict-quota.conf 
}

##
## Plugin settings
##

plugin {
  # Here you can give some extra environment variables to mail processes.
  # This is mostly meant for passing parameters to plugins. %variable
  # expansion is done for all values.

  # Quota plugin. Multiple backends are supported:
  #   dirsize: Find and sum all the files found from mail directory.
  #            Extremely SLOW with Maildir. It'll eat your CPU and disk I/O.
  #   dict: Keep quota stored in dictionary (eg. SQL)
  #   maildir: Maildir++ quota
  #   fs: Read-only support for filesystem quota
  #quota = maildir

  # ACL plugin. vfile backend reads ACLs from "dovecot-acl" file from maildir
  # directory. You can also optionally give a global ACL directory path where
  # ACLs are applied to all users' mailboxes. The global ACL directory contains
  # one file for each mailbox, eg. INBOX or sub.mailbox.
  #acl = vfile:/etc/dovecot-acls

  # Convert plugin. If set, specifies the source storage path which is
  # converted to destination storage (mail_location) when the user logs in.
  # The existing mail directory is renamed to <dir>-converted.
  #convert_mail = mbox:%h/mail
  # Skip mailboxes which we can't open successfully instead of aborting.
  #convert_skip_broken_mailboxes = no

  # Trash plugin. When saving a message would make user go over quota, this
  # plugin automatically deletes the oldest mails from configured mailboxes
  # until the message can be saved within quota limits. The configuration file
  # is a text file where each line is in format: <priority> <mailbox name>
  # Mails are first deleted in lowest -> highest priority number order
  #trash = /etc/dovecot-trash.conf

  # Lazy expunge plugin. Currently works only with maildirs. When a user
  # expunges mails, the mails are moved to a mailbox in another namespace
  # (1st). When a mailbox is deleted, the mailbox is moved to another namespace
  # (2nd) as well. Also if the deleted mailbox had any expunged messages,
  # they're moved to a 3rd namespace. The mails won't be counted in quota,
  # and they're not deleted automatically (use a cronjob or something).
  #lazy_expunge = .EXPUNGED/ .DELETED/ .DELETED/.EXPUNGED/
}
